向聯合國安理會請願

後續報告 請閱向聯合國請願的後續報告. 下述兩站交通繁忙, 請耐心等候入場 . ------------------------------------------------------------- ----- Original Message ----- From: "Eli, MoveOn.org" To: "Stella" Sent: Friday, March 14, 2003 10:25 AM Subject: Join Sunday's rolling wave of candlelight vigils Dear MoveOn supporter, In the emergency petition we presented to the U.N. Security Council on Monday, over a million of us joined together to ask for tough inspections, not war. It was an amazing and unprecedented show of global unity that brought folks from virtually every country together in one voice. (See below for a more detailed description of how Monday's delivery went.) Signing the petition is an important first step, but in the face of an ever-closer and still unjustified war, we need to escalate our activity. That's why it's so important that every person who signed the emergency petition take the next step: joining the wave of candlelight vigils that will circle the globe this Sunday. This is going to be a massive global event. Already -- just since Tuesday -- 1,605 vigils have been scheduled in 77 countries. You can see what vigils have been scheduled in your area, and sign up for one, at: http://www.globalvigil.org The site will show you how many people are signed up to attend the vigils near you. Spread the word to your friends, have them sign up on the site, and we can all watch as the numbers grow. Beginning in New Zealand, these locally organized candlelight vigils will circle around the globe. They'll be beautiful, powerful, and inspiring. They'll send an eloquent and clear message that the world wants peace. And they'll be supported by many religious leaders -- including Archbishop Desmond Tutu, a Nobel Peace Prize winner -- who will help to articulate the moral case against war. Never before have so many coordinated vigils taken place around the globe. We have the opportunity on Sunday to show just how the world feels about the war on Iraq -- but the impact depends on your participation. Please take some time to join millions in countries around the world in a Global Vigil for Peace. Sign up now at: http://www.globalvigil.org If you can't make a vigil, you can still join the global action on Sunday. Just put Christmas lights or anything that shines in your window on Sunday evening. As for our U.N. petition, we'll still be delivering updates to the Security Council, so if you have friends or colleagues who haven't signed, please ask them to go to: http://www.moveon.org/emergency/ Together, we can avert this war. Sincerely, --Carrie, Diane, Eli, Joan, Peter, Randall, Wes, and Zack The MoveOn Team March 12, 2003 P.S. Here's a report from Diane Jones, the MoveOn member who pulled together the petition delivery on Monday: Dear MoveOn supporters, In a week's time, you helped us deliver the fastest-growing petition we've ever seen to each of the 15 U.N. Security Council member nations. The meetings with Security Council members were accompanied by a press conference that helped to get our message out across the United States and beyond. To give you a sense of the scale involved, each copy of the petition was twelve boxes' worth of paper. These boxes served as an impressive backdrop for our press conference, where MoveOn, American Friends Service Committee, and Win Without War representatives were joined by Ethan Hawke, Jessica Lange, and Steve Buscemi -- actors who helped to show the popular appeal of our call. CNN, ABC, CBS, NBC, Time Magazine, New York Times, L.A. Times, People Magazine, Inside Edition, and a long list of other media outlets were there to capture the moment. After the press conference, over 300 amazing New York City volunteers helped to deliver the boxes to the U.N. missions of each Security Council country. These meetings were nothing short of inspiring. The coordinator of the Guinean mission meeting described her experience this way: "22 people attended. I [said to the Guinean representative] that they, of all people, should vote NO WAR because they knew in their hearts what war was like and that we only knew it from our heads. I mentioned a letter I read from a woman who had visited Iraq lately and wrote that Iraqis do not speak of the future because they do not believe they have one. He responded in English saying that Guinea was a very poor country but that they liked being free. He said that they would rather be poor and free than rich and-- he extended his hands in front of him crossed at the wrists as if bound." Even when a few of the missions would not confirm an actual meeting, our MoveOn delegation arrived to officially present the petition to the Ambassador's office and to get a representative to meet with them on the spot. Cameroon's mission was one such challenge, as described by the meeting coordinator: "Total success at Cameroon mission today! I was blown away by the preparation and eloquence and French-speaking (some) of the 16 or so people who showed up to deliver the petition. After a bit of checking [we were escorted] to a meeting room upstairs, where we sat around a table and people shared their prepared comments. Everyone was respectful but that didn't preclude displays of passion and emotion. . . . [One] woman, after saying she had never done anything like this before and was doing it because she was scared of what might happen, said on a lighter note that the Cameroonian Lions team had given her a lot of enjoyment over the years, which elicited some laughs from the reps." The German contingent also had a great experience: "We met with Dr. Hans Schumacher, Deputy Permanent Representative of Germany to the UN. Dr. Schumacher interrupted a meeting to meet with us ... and gave us a warm welcome." "About 20 people represented MoveOn.org. Lin Wefel [meeting coordinator] read from a prepared statement about the petitions that MoveOn.org had collected and our desire for a peaceful settlement to the Iraq crisis. Ambassador Schumacher welcomed the MoveOn.org representatives by saying, 'As far as this mission is concerned, you are coming in through open doors.' He noted that the German mission is opposed to war as a means of disarming Iraq. Ambassador Schumacher said his personal feeling was that the U.S. and Britain would not be able to get nine votes on the Security Council to pass another resolution on Iraq. He said that Germany believes that the existing UN resolutions have sufficient authority to disarm Iraq through vigorous arms inspections." We have received similar, often exuberant reports from the other meeting coordinators. It was a powerful experience -- and one you made possible by signing the petition. THANK YOU The U.N. Security Council mission meetings and petition delivery project, and our work for the preceding week was made possible by the incredibly hard work and generous financial contributions of members, hundreds of volunteers, and local and national organizations. We deeply appreciate the assistance that we have received -- we couldn't have pulled this off without lots of lightning-speed help! Thanks go to the over 300 NYC volunteers who came out on Monday on extremely short notice to attend the mission meetings, hold banners, and generally increase our presence during the events. Very special thanks goes to the team of volunteer coordinators, who used their commitment and ingenuity to pull off outstanding meetings. They are: Tim Bailey, David Bogoslaw, Merrily Butler, Susan Chenelle, Jessica Flagg, Cheryl Guttman, Elinore Klein, Yvonne Lassalle, Judy Martialay, Carl Pritzkat, Rikki Reich, Sarah Richardson, David Roth, Kristin Roth-Ey, Michael Rothman, Bethene Trexel, and Lin Wefel. Extra special thanks goes to Tim Bailey, who went the extra "hundred miles" to give his time, skills, enthusiasm, and unique gifts to make this happen. Many sincere thanks also to: Tom Andrews, Ira Arlook, Steve Buscemi, Sarah Clark, David Fenton, Trevor Fitzgibbon, Ethan Hawke, Jessica Lange, Mary Lord, Josh Lucas, Brendan McCarthy, Mary Ellen McNish, the American Friends Service Committee and the Win Without War coalition. The last thank you goes to every one of MoveOn's members and supporters. We have to say it again -- you are making an incredible impact around the world. We are honored and proud to work with you. ________________ This is a message from MoveOn.org. To remove yourself from this list, please visit our subscription management page at: http://moveon.org/s?i=1150-1097283-tyEMMNpKGyqSDAWrM3MsVA

update and the follow up 向聯合國安理會請願: 上週一, 人數已過百萬. ----- Original Message ----- From: "Eli, MoveOn.org" To: "stella" Sent: Saturday, March 15, 2003 4:52 PM Subject: 3,600 Vigils and Counting: Get Involved! > Dear MoveOn supporter, > > We're up to 3,700 vigils in 108 countries for Sunday. > The Global Vigil for Peace is going to be huge -- one of > the largest coordinated vigils in history. > > If you're not already signed up, it's not too late to get > involved. You can find a vigil in your area at: > > http://www.globalvigil.org > > In order to make the vigils a success, we need to get the > word out as far as possible. Please invite your friends > and colleagues by sending them this message along with > a short personal note of your own. We've translated the > message into a number of other languages -- you can just > copy them from the website into your email program. > > French: > http://www.globalvigil.org/french.html > > Spanish: > http://www.globalvigil.org/spanish.html > > German: > http://www.globalvigil.org/german.html > > Swedish: > http://www.globalvigil.org/swedish.html > > Dutch: > http://www.globalvigil.org/dutch.html > > The Global Vigil is endorsed by Nobel Peace Laureate > Archbishop Desmond Tutu, who recently said: > > "On Sunday evening people in every corner of the globe will > shine beacons of light throughout the world. May our candles > rekindle the light of reason and hope so that war will be > averted in Iraq and peace will prevail in the world." > > Please sign up today, at: > > http://www.globalvigil.org > > For those of you wanting more information, here's the full > scoop: > > In the emergency petition we presented to the U.N. Security > Council on Monday, over a million of us joined together to ask > for tough inspections, not war. It was an amazing and > unprecedented show of global unity that brought folks from > virtually every country together in one voice. (See below for > a more detailed description of how Monday's delivery went.) > > Signing the petition is an important first step, but in the > face of an ever-closer and still unjustified war, we need to > escalate our activity. That's why it's so important that > every person who signed the emergency petition take the next > step: joining the wave of candlelight vigils that will circle > the globe this Sunday. This is going to be a massive global > event. Already -- just since Tuesday -- 1,605 vigils have been > scheduled in 77 countries. You can see what vigils have been > scheduled in your area, and sign up for one, at: > > http://www.globalvigil.org > > The site will show you how many people are signed up to attend > the vigils near you. Spread the word to your friends, have > them sign up on the site, and we can all watch as the numbers > grow. > > Beginning in New Zealand, these locally organized candlelight > vigils will circle around the globe. They'll be beautiful, > powerful, and inspiring. They'll send an eloquent and clear > message that the world wants peace. And they'll be supported > by many religious leaders -- including Archbishop Desmond > Tutu, a Nobel Peace Prize winner -- who will help to > articulate the moral case against war. > > Never before have so many coordinated vigils taken place > around the globe. We have the opportunity on Sunday to show > just how the world feels about the war on Iraq -- but the > impact depends on your participation. Please take some time > to join millions in countries around the world in a Global > Vigil for Peace. Sign up now at: > > http://www.globalvigil.org > > If you can't make a vigil, you can still join the global > action on Sunday. Just put Christmas lights or anything that > shines in your window on Sunday evening. > > As for our U.N. petition, we'll still be delivering updates > to the Security Council, so if you have friends or > colleagues who haven't signed, please ask them to go to: > > http://www.moveon.org/emergency/ > > Together, we can avert this war. > > Sincerely, > --Carrie, Diane, Eli, Joan, Peter, Randall, Wes, and Zack > The MoveOn Team > March 14, 2003 > > ________________ > This is a message from MoveOn.org. To remove yourself > from this list, please visit our subscription management page at: > http://moveon.org/s?i=1159-1097283-o0PqCSBlbg6m1axq9tLqxw >

祈禱 請為即將殺人與被殺的祈禱. ------------------------------------------------------- Original Message ----- From: "Eli Pariser, MoveOn.org" To: "stella" Sent: Tuesday, March 18, 2003 6:41 PM Subject: Waging peace. Put a light in your window. Dear MoveOn supporter, It now appears that a war may be very close. The Bush administration has abandoned the diplomatic process at the United Nations. The United Nations has begun pulling its inspectors out of Iraq. President Bush has given Saddam Hussein 48 hours to leave Iraq or face war. This is a very sad day. We must remember in this dark moment that we have come a long way. By working for peace around the globe, millions of people have successfully challenged the justness of this war on a world stage. We have persuaded governments to heed their peoples' call to peace, and helped the United Nations maintain its integrity. We all have been part of a historic mobilization of the citizens of the globe. It will change everything. And in the end, we will win. We will continue waging peace, even if war comes. We have joined together to articulate a vision of how the world should be -- of how nations should treat each other, of how we can collectively deal with threats to our security. One simple way to show your continued commitment to this vision is to put a light in your window. It could be a Christmas string or candle, a light bulb, or a lantern. It's an easy way to keep the light of reason and hope burning, to let others know that they are not alone, and to show the way home to the young men and women who are on their way to Iraq. We'd like to keep a list of the places and people who are joining in this simple act. Please sign up now at: http://www.moveon.org/windowlight/ On Sunday, people came together in thousands of towns and villages around the world -- a truly global vigil for peace. The vigils came in all shapes and sizes. There were vigils with ten people and vigils with thousands. There were vigils in homes, in churches, and in open fields. People joined together to share their commitment to making a better world. For some amazing pictures of the vigils around the world, go to: http://www.moveon.org/vigil/ The Global Vigil was made possible by the efforts of thousands of volunteers. Some worked tirelessly to make modest but important vigils happen in small towns and villages. Others merely chose a location for a vigil on our Web site and handed out extra candles as hundreds of strangers showed up. Several dedicated volunteers staffing the MoveOn help desk worked countless hours answering questions and solving problems. All of us give our most heartfelt thanks to these fantastic volunteers for their good spirits during such an intense project. Here are a few of the thousands of reports we've seen from vigil coordinators. They give a real sense of the scale and power of this event. "We are planning to take the fire of one of the candle and [keep it burning], as a symbol of the light of the conscience of humanity." --Fabian Freire, Barcelona, Spain, over 100 attended "The calm, moon-lit night provided an incredibly beautiful setting where persons could visualize the devastation a shock and awe attack would bring to their beloved city." --Chester L Guinn, Des Moines, United States, over 1,000 attended. "Tonight, at 7, I was alone with my candle on the place of the village, when an old lady, Misses Wery arrived walking with her stick. So old, limping and desiring strongly to say "No war". We ended up with more than 20 people." --Jacqueline Beraud, France (no village name) "It is so important for the world to realise that most Americans are, like the rest of the world's people, peace-loving, fair-minded and good-hearted people." --Al Harris, Cairns, Australia, more than 200 people "People were lining the edge of the fountain, holding candles and signs well before 7pm, and many stayed until 9pm even 10pm, for live coverage on local news channels. Drivers of cars, even metro busses, were honking wildly with fingers in peace signs out their windows." --Kayte (last name not given), Houston, United States, over 1,000 people "We had 40 participants attend, all ages. People spoke about peace; one participant with her native drum led us in a chant, 'Peace in our minds, peace in our homes, peace in the world,' we sang. All in all it was a great success. We plan to have a vigil next Sunday as well, same time, same place." --Joyce Lachance, Musquodoboit Harbour, Canada No one has ever said that waging peace is easy. It may take days, or months, or years. But moving forward together, we will make history. Thank you for all you do, Sincerely, --Carrie, Eli, Joan, Peter, Wes, and Zack The MoveOn Team March 17th, 2003 ________________ This is a message from MoveOn.org. To remove yourself (stella hu) from this list, please visit our subscription management page at: http://moveon.org/s?i=1163-1097283-BxUI4RU9PuFa5jgvMCaeUQ rekindle the light of reason and hope so that war will be averted in Iraq and peace will prevail in the world." Please sign up today, at: http://www.globalvigil.org For those of you wanting more information, here's the full scoop: In the emergency petition we presented to the U.N. Security Council on Monday, over a million of us joined together to ask for tough inspections, not war. It was an amazing and unprecedented show of global unity that brought folks from virtually every country together in one voice. (See below for a more detailed description of how Monday's delivery went.) Signing the petition is an important first step, but in the face of an ever-closer and still unjustified war, we need to escalate our activity. That's why it's so important that every person who signed the emergency petition take the next step: joining the wave of candlelight vigils that will circle the globe this Sunday. This is going to be a massive global event. Already -- just since Tuesday -- 1,605 vigils have been scheduled in 77 countries. You can see what vigils have been scheduled in your area, and sign up for one, at: http://www.globalvigil.org The site will show you how many people are signed up to attend the vigils near you. Spread the word to your friends, have them sign up on the site, and we can all watch as the numbers grow. Beginning in New Zealand, these locally organized candlelight vigils will circle around the globe. They'll be beautiful, powerful, and inspiring. They'll send an eloquent and clear message that the world wants peace. And they'll be supported by many religious leaders -- including Archbishop Desmond Tutu, a Nobel Peace Prize winner -- who will help to articulate the moral case against war. Never before have so many coordinated vigils taken place around the globe. We have the opportunity on Sunday to show just how the world feels about the war on Iraq -- but the impact depends on your participation. Please take some time to join millions in countries around the world in a Global Vigil for Peace. Sign up now at: http://www.globalvigil.org If you can't make a vigil, you can still join the global action on Sunday. Just put Christmas lights or anything that shines in your window on Sunday evening. As for our U.N. petition, we'll still be delivering updates to the Security Council, so if you have friends or colleagues who haven't signed, please ask them to go to: http://www.moveon.org/emergency/ Together, we can avert this war. Sincerely, --Carrie, Diane, Eli, Joan, Peter, Randall, Wes, and Zack The MoveOn Team March 14, 2003 ________________ This is a message from MoveOn.org. To remove yourself from this list, please visit our subscription management page at: http://moveon.org/s?i=1159-1097283-o0PqCSBlbg6m1axq9tLqxw

向誰祈禱？上帝？ 上帝往往站在殺戮者一邊！ 布殊不是正在"替天行道"嗎？

祈禱 也為他的靈魂祈禱, with or without 上帝.

interesting & ugly 如題. ---------------------------------- FAIR-L Fairness & Accuracy In Reporting Media analysis, critiques and activism MEDIA ADVISORY: Will the War Begin With a Big Lie? Iraq will be invaded or occupied regardless of "ultimatum," report says March 19, 2003 George W. Bush's March 17 speech has been boiled down to one blunt statement: "Saddam Hussein and his sons must leave Iraq within 48 hours. Their refusal to do so will result in military conflict, commenced at a time of our choosing." Headlines the next morning focused on this message: "President Tells Hussein to Leave Iraq Within 48 Hours or Face Invasion" (Washington Post); "Bush Gives Ultimatum to Hussein: Leave in 48 Hours or Face War" (Ft. Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel); "President Gives the Iraqi Dictator One Last Deadline" (San Antonio Express-News). One story, however, at the bottom of an inside page in the New York Times, had a different message: "Allies Will Move In, Even if Saddam Hussein Moves Out" was the headline over a page A16 story by Times military correspondent Michael Gordon. "Even if Saddam Hussein leaves Iraq within 48 hours, as President Bush demanded, allied forces plan to move north into Iraqi territory, American officials said today," the article began. Gordon pointed to a little-noted line in Bush's speech: "It is not too late for the Iraqi military to act with honor and protect your country by permitting the peaceful entry of coalition forces to eliminate weapons of mass destruction." While in the context of the speech, this seemed to refer to what Bush hoped Iraqi commanders would do in the event that his ultimatum was rejected, Gordon reports that this was actually a signal that regardless of what Hussein chooses, the U.S. would still, in Gordon's words, "enter Iraq to search for hidden weapons of mass destruction and help stabilize the nation so that a new and more democratic regime could take over." Even if the Iraqi military were to overthrow Hussein, Gordon wrote, "a military intervention seems very likely." He quoted Colin Powell's statement on March 17 to the effect that "the only way for Iraq to avoid an attack is for Mr. Hussein to leave the country and 'allow this matter to be resolved through the peaceful entry of force.'" In other words, there is nothing that Iraq can do to avoid invasion and occupation; its only choice is whether or not to surrender. Why dress up this straightforward policy with a claim that Saddam Hussein's refusal to step down within a 48-hour deadline "will result in military conflict"? Presumably because the White House knew that the media would find the drama of the ultimatum irresistible, and would therefore frame the upcoming war not as a choice that Washington was making, but as a final test for Saddam Hussein. Media have by and large failed to challenge this spin campaign, and continue to frame the story as a "defiant" Saddam Hussein spurning the last chance for peace. "Saddam Sneers Back: Hell No, I Won't Go" was the New York Daily News' front-page headline on March 19. The cable news channel MSNBC actually had a "DEADLINE" clock in the lower-right hand corner of its screen at all times, ticking away the seconds until the meaningless deadline passes. Even the Times itself did not seem to have grasped its own correspondent's report: "War Imminent as Hussein Rejects Ultimatum" was the paper's lead headline (3/19/03), with an accompanying story beginning, "The White House said today that Saddam Hussein was making his 'final mistake' by rejecting an ultimatum ordering him to leave Iraq or face war." ---------- Please support FAIR by subscribing to our bimonthly magazine, Extra! For more information, go to: http://www.fair.org/extra/subscribe.html . Or call 1-800-847-3993. FAIR SHIRTS: Get your "Don't Trust the Corporate Media" shirt today at FAIR's online store: http://www.merchantamerica.com/fair/ FAIR produces CounterSpin, a weekly radio show heard on over 130 stations in the U.S. and Canada. To find the CounterSpin station nearest you, visit http://www.fair.org/counterspin/stations.html . FAIR's INTERNSHIP PROGRAM: FAIR accepts internship applications for its New York office on a rolling basis. For more information, see: http://www.fair.org/internships.html Feel free to respond to FAIR ( fair@fair.org ). We can't reply to everything, but we will look at each message. We especially appreciate documented examples of media bias or censorship. And please send copies of your email correspondence with media outlets, including any responses, to fair@fair.org . You can subscribe to FAIR-L at our web site: http://www.fair.org . Our subscriber list is kept confidential. FAIR (212) 633-6700 http://www.fair.org/ E-mail: fair@fair.org

stella i dont think UN has the power to stop USA, Bush said they can attack Iraq even without UN's permission. You got that?

美國主流宗教背景 2003.03.20 中國時報 凱撒即上帝 美國新文化 ◎廖元豪 http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,110514+112003032000172,00.html 對我們這種浸淫在儒家世俗傳統長大的台灣人 來說，真的很難體會宗教文化，尤其是基督教文 化對美國影響之深。然而不了解一般美國人的宗 教信仰，就很難理解美國社會的很多現象，也更 摸不清布希總統在國際上的（在我們看來，簡直 是牛仔流氓）行徑，為什麼總是得到相當高的支 持度。我們也許燒香拜佛的人不少，無神論的我 到大學聯考前也會去行天宮拜拜。可是「求心安」 ，跟真正的「信仰」，落差是很大的。 許多研究顯示，近年來美國各宗教教派中，最 盛行的是所謂的福音教派（evangelical Protestantism, the Evangelicals）。這個教派算是基督教基本教義 派中的務實派。它的教義強調個人得救、個人屬 靈，非常符合美國傳統上個人主義的文化，也跟 保守主義的思潮符合若契。它不重視，甚至排斥 「社會」改造，而著重「個人」道德或神性的變 化。這與六○年代基督教現實主義（Christian Realism）或社會福音（Social Gospel），強調以改 造社會結構來實現正義與神旨的教義，完全相反。 表現在政策與民意上，福音教派質疑甚至反對 進化論而支持上帝造人的創世論，反對同性戀合 法化，反對推廣性教育與保險套。根據調查，至 少有四六％的美國人屬於或支持這個教派。而蓋 洛普民調更顯示，四八％的美國人相信創世論， 只有二八％相信達爾文的進化論（包括布希總統 自己也公然表示他不相信進化論）。這種結果哪 裡是我們這種一身毫無「靈性」的「儒教信徒」 能夠理解的？尤其在布希總統上任後，多次的 演講詞以及聲明，都多少帶入了福音教派的教 義概念——包括一幅「解救中東苦難同胞」的 彌賽亞救世情操，還真感動說服不少美國人 ——許多美國人感受到凱撒與上帝合一的快感， 而美國人似乎就成了這個「二合一」的代表， 而布希總統又是代表中的代表。福音教派與保守 主義的崛起，到底哪個是雞哪個是蛋很難說，但 是這兩者之間有驚人的契合性則是事實。 日前，紐約時報專欄作家Nicholas Kristof就撰文 指出，媒體界以及知識菁英階層，對於這股福音 教派的潮流認識太少。尤其這些掌握美國輿論的 人，多半都只是美國東北部的知識菁英。談起話 來哪裡看得起這種（他們眼中的）邪門歪道？偶 有文章論及，也都是一副尖酸刻薄的嘲笑。 Kristof提醒：我們可以反對福音教派每一個社 會政策主張，但是不能不屑或輕忽，不能用輕蔑 的態度去對待。因為這真是主流——也許是錯誤 的，可批評的，愚笨的，但仍是主流！另一作家 Jackson?Lears 也投書表示，布希政府在伊拉克相 關事件上常用的簡化語彙，根本濫用上帝名義， 並掀起世界各主要宗教基本教義派間的「聖戰」 。 宗教不是保守派的專利。事實上，黑人反抗運 動與六○年代的民權運動中，宗教皆佔有重要地 位。「 上帝旨意 」與聖經，是民權運動者抗爭 的重要精神支柱和詞彙來源。金恩博士與當代 重要的黑人民權領袖Jesse Jackson可都是牧師。 拉丁美洲的解放神學，更是教士們帶著槍與民 眾一起拚命搞出來的。只是當前美國的主流意 識形態，恰好被保守主義與宗教上的基本教義 派掌握而已。 矛盾的是，美國自六○年代以來的法律與知 識主流，卻致力於將宗教「邊緣化」，使宗教 語彙只能出現在私領域而非公領域。最主要的 武器就是憲法上的政教分離條款——任何公組 織、公制度，運用上宗教概念，都有被判決違 憲的可能。尤其是公立中小學裡頭的祈禱、靜 默一分鐘等儀式，幾乎全然被趕了出去。不同 意識形態的學者，也開始同時批評這一支公共 領域「去宗教化」的法律趨勢走過了頭。 Daniel Conkle 是溫和保守派，美國關於憲法 宗教條款的重要學者，他不但主張宗教與公共 領域可以互容，他更主張把各門各派宗教擺出 來，評量哪些與美國憲政民主精神相容度較高 而有資格在公共領域發言（從他的論文看來， 包括福音教派在內的基督教基本教義派，是比 較不符合美國憲法民主精神，而較不宜作為公 共政策基礎的）。種族批判論的Kevin Brown 則以為法院口口聲聲說「宗教不可以影響公共 領域」，其實只是用「世俗人文主義」這種宗 教，來取代基督教或其他宗教而已。既然教育 本來就是意識形態的灌輸與塑造，那講白些， 直接挑明了說「老子就是要用這種宗教替代 你」還比較有辯論的空間。 我們在這點上面，與美國的確有極大差異。 但我們要了解這個接近半數人口相信「上帝 造人」的國家，就得對他們的宗教情懷更加 了解。 （作者為美國印第安那大學法學博士候選 人，主修憲法）

action for peace Dear friend, I'm writing to ask you to join me in signing a Citizens' Declaration reaffirming our commitment to international cooperation. The outbreak of war is not the end of the fight for peace -- only the beginning. Around the globe, people are joining together in the declaration below. We will be announcing it in a press conference on Friday, and we need your help to make it as big as possible. Signing up will only take a minute of your time, but it'll send a message that the momentum built through our opposition to war in Iraq will only keep growing. You can sign up at: http://www.moveon.org/declaration/ Here's the text of the Declaration: ------------ A CITIZENS' DECLARATION As a US-led invasion of Iraq begins, we, the undersigned citizens of many countries, reaffirm our commitment to addressing international conflicts through the rule of law and the United Nations. By joining together across countries and continents, we have emerged as a new force for peace. As we grieve for the victims of this war, we pledge to redouble our efforts to put an end to the Bush Administration's doctrine of pre-emptive attack and the reckless use of military power. ------------ Thank you. Stella

生意經 米蘭大學: 1991年海灣戰爭的軍費分攤與利益分配. 去這裡: http://obs.org.hk/WhytheUSWantsWar.pps